Monday, October 20, 2014

CORRUPT JUDGE AND THE FORCE OF PATIENCE - 29th Sunday in Ordinary Time (Cycle C)

Homily for the 29th Sunday in Ordinary Time (Cycle C)
Based on (Gospel), (First Reading) and (Second Reading)
From the Series: “Reflections and Teachings of the Desert”

CORRUPT JUDGE AND THE FORCE OF PATIENCE
“Notice what the unjust judge has to say. Now will not God see justice done to his chosen…” (Lk 18: 6-7)


The Gospel for this 29th Sunday in Ordinary Time (Cycle C) is taken from Lk 18:1-8.


Verse 1 says: Then he told them a parable about the need to pray continually and never lose hearta Footnote a  says “Pauline in though and expression: cf. Rm. 1:10; 12:12; Ep. 6:18; Col. 1:3; 1 Th. 5:17;  2 Th. 1:11, etc. and 2 Co. 4:1,16; Ga. 6:9; Ep. 3:13; 2 Th. 3:13.”

Parallel texts are:
1.       Lk 11:9  - ‘So I say to you: Ask, and it will be given you ; search, and you will find; knock, and the door will be opened to you..
2.       Pr 25:15 - With patience a judge may be cajoled:  soft tongue breaks bone.
3.       Lk 11:5-8 - He also said to them, ‘Suppose one of you has a friend and goes to him in the middle of the night to say, ‘My friend, let me three loaves (v. 5), because a friend of mine on his travels has just arrived at my house and I have nothing to offer him’ (v. 6), And the man answers from inside the house, ‘Do not bother me. The door is bolted now, and my children and I are in bed; I cannot get up to give it to you’ (v. 7). I tell you, if the man does not get up and give it to him for friendship’s sake, persistence will be enough to make him get up and give his friend all he wants (v. 8).

Verses 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 say: “There was a judge in a certain town’ he said ‘who had neither fear of God nor respect for man. In the same town there was a widow  who kept on coming to him and say, ‘I want justice from you against my enemy. For a long time he refused, but at last  he said to himself, Maybe I had neither fear God nor respect for man, but since she keeps pestering me I must  give this widow her  just rights,  or she will persist in coming and worry me to death. And the Lord said, “You notice what the unjust judge has to say. Now will not God see justice done to his chosen who cry to him day and night even when he delays to help  them?


Parallel texts for verse 7 are:
1.       Rv 6:9-11- When he broke open the fifth seal, I saw underneath the altarg the souls all of the people who had been killed on account  of  the  word of Godh for witnessing to it (v. 10). They shouted aloud voice, “Holy and faithful Master, how much longer before you pass sentence and take vengeance for our death on the inhabitants of the earth?”I (v. 11). Each of them was given a white robej, and they were told to be patient a little longer, until the roll was complete and their fellow servants and brothers had been killed just as they had been.
Footnote g says “The altar of holocaust, 1 K 8:64+.”; Footnote h  says “The martyrs”.; Footnote i  says “The pagan nations”; Footnote  j  says “Symbolizing triumphant joy.

2.       Mt 8:10 - When Jesus heard this, he was astonished  and said to those following him, ‘I tell you solemnly, nowhere in Israel have I found faithb like this. Footnote b  says “The faith that Jesus asks for from the outset of public life (Mk. 1:15) and throughout his subsequent career, is that act of trust and self-abandonment by which people no longer rely on their own strength and policies but commit themselves to the power and guiding word of him in whom they believe (Lk. 1:20,45; Mt. 21:25p,32). Christ asks for this faith especially when he works his miracles(8:13; 9:2p; 22p, 28-29; 15:28; Mk 5:36p;10:52p; Lk 17:19) which are not so much acts of mercy as signs attesting his mission and witnessing to the kingdom (8:3+; cf. Jn 2:11+), hence he cannot work miracles unless he finds the faith without which the miracle lose their true significance (13:58p; 12;38-39; 16:1-4). Since the faith demands the sacrifice of the whole man, mind and heart, it is not an easy act of humility to perform; many decline it, particularly in Israel (8:10p; 15:28; 27:42p; Lk 18;8), or are half-hearted (Mk 9;24; Lk 8;13). Even the disciples are slow to believe (8:26p; 14;31; 18;8; 17:20p) and are still reluctant after the resurrection (28;17; Mk 16:11-14; Lk 24;11,25,41). The most generous faith of all, of the ‘Rock’ (16:16-18), the disciples leader, was destined to the shaken by the outrage of the Passion (26:69-75p) though it was to triumph in the end (Lk 22:32). When faith is strong it works wonders (17:20p; 21:21p; Mk 16:17) and its appeal is never refused (21:22p; Mk 9:23) especially when it asks for forgiveness of sin (9:2p; Lk 7:50) and for that salvation of which it is the necessary condition (Lk 8;12; Mk 16:16, cf. Ac 3:16+).”
Verse 8 says: I promise you, he will see justice done to them and done speedily. But when the Son of Man comes, will he find any faith on earth?

Parallel text is Mt 24:12 that says: …with the increase of lawlessness, love of most men will grow cold.

The First Reading is from Ex 17:8-13. The title of this episode is “A battle against the Amalekitese. Footnote e  says “Attributed to the ‘Elohistic’ tradition. The Amalekites lived further north in the Negeb and in the mountain country of Seir, Gn 14:7; Nb 13:29; Jg 1:16; 1 Ch 4:42f, which is presumably where Hormah was, Nb 14:38-45; cf. Dt 25:17-19; 1 S 15. Amalek was said to be the grandson of Esau, Gn 36:12-16; it was in fact a nation of great antiquity, Nb 24:20. IN the time of the Judges, the Amalekites were in alliance with Midianite bandits; they were still formidable in David’s day. There is no further mention of them until 1 Ch 4:43 and Ps 83:7.”

Verse 8 says: The Amalekites came and attacked Israel in Rephidim.

Parallel Texts are:
1.       Nb 14:45 - The Amalekite and the Canaanite who lived in that hill country came down and defeated them, and harried  all the way to  Hormah.
2.       Nb 24:20 - Balaam looked on seeing Amalek and declaimed his poem. He said: Amalek, first among the nations! But his posterity shall perish forever.k  Footnote k  says “Following Sam.”

Verse 9 says:  Moses said to Joshua, “Pick out men for yourself, and tomorrow morning march out to engage Amalek. I meanwhile will stand on the hill top, the staff of God in my hand.”

Parallel Texts are:
1.       Jos 1:1 - When Moses the servant of Yahweh was deada, Yahweh spoke to Joshua, son of Nunb,  Moses’ adjutant.



2.       Jos 8:18f  - Then Yahweh said to Joshua: Point the javelin in your hand toward Ai; for I am about to put the town into your power. Then Joshua pointed the javelin in his hand toward the town,c Footnote c  says “Not merely a signal but a gesture effective in itself like that of Moses in Ex 17:9,11.”
3.       1 S 27:8 - David and his men went out on raids against the Geshurites,  Girzites, and Amalekites—for these are the tribes inhabiting the region that goes from Telame in the direction of Shur as far as the land of Egypt. Footnote e  says “‘Telam’ Greek.”

Verse 10 says: Joshua did as Moses told him  and marched out engage Amalek while Moses and Aaron and Hur went up to the top of the hill.

Parallel Text is Ex 24:14 that says: To the elders he had said, “Wait here for us until we come back to you. You have Aaron and Hur with you; if anyone has a difference to settle, let him go to them.

Verse 11, 12 and 13 say: As long as Moses kept his hands raised, Israel had the advantage, when he let his arms fall,  the advantage went to Amalek. But Moses’ arms grew heavy, so they took a stone and put it under him and on this he sat, Aaron and Hur supporting his arms, one on one side,  one on the other; and his arms remained firm till sunset. With the edge of the sword Joshua cut down Amalek and his people.

Parallel Text for verse 11 is Ps 44:4-7 that says: You it was, my King, my God, who won those victories for Jacob (v. 4); Through you we trampled down our enemies; through your name we subdued our aggressors (v. 5) My trust was not in my bow, my sword did not gain me victory (v. 6). We conquered our enemies through you, you, who defeated all who hated us – (v. 7).

The Second Reading is from 2 Tim 3:14-4:2.

Verse 14 says: You must keep to what you have been taught and know to be true: remember who your teachers werec Footnote c  says “Var (Vulg.) ‘who your teacher was’. These teachers were Lois, Eunice, 1:5, and above all, apostle Paul himself.”

Parallel Texts are:
1.       2 Tm 2:2 - You have heard everything that I teach in public; hand in on to reliable people so that they may in turn will be able to teach others.
2.       1 Tm 6:20- My dear Timothy, take care of all that has been entrusted to you.h Have nothing to do with pointless philosophical discussions and antagonistic beliefs of the “knowledge” which is not knowledge at all… Footnote h  says “The faith that has been entrusted to him: this is one of the main themes of the Pastoral letters.”

Verse 15 says: and how, ever since you were a child, you have known the  holy scriptures – from these you can learn the wisdom that leads to salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.

Parallel Texts are:
1.       2 Tm 1:5 - Then I am reminded of the sincere faith which you have; it came first live in your grandmother Lois, and your mother Eunice, and I have no doubt that it is the same faith in you as well.
2.       Ac 16:1- From there he went to Derbe, and then to Lystra. Here there was a disciple called Timothy,a whose mother was a Jewish who had become a believer, but his father was a Greek. Footnote a  says “Timothy became Paul’s constant companion, cf. 17:14f; 18:5;  19:22; 20:4; 1 Th. 3:2,6; 1 Co. 4:17; 16:10; 2 co. 1:19; Rm. 16:21, and one of his most faithful disciple to the very end (see 1 Tm and 2 Tm which are addressed to him). “
3.       2 Co 3:14-16 - And anyway, their minds had been dulled indeed to this very day that same veil is still there when the old covenant is being read, since Christ alone can remove it.c (v. 14) Yes, even today, in fact, whenever Moses is read, the veil is over their minds (v. 15). It will not be removed until they turn to the Lord the veil is (v. 16). Footnote c  says “Alternative translation ‘nor is it reveled to them that this covenant has been abolished by Christ.’”
Verses 16 and 17 say: All scripture is inspired by God and cand profitably be used for teaching, for refuting error, for guiding people’s lives, and teaching them to be holy. This is how a man dedicated to God become fully equipped and ready for any good work. Footnote d  says “Or (less probably) ‘All scripture that is inspired by God can…’ (Vulg). This important affirmation about the inspiration of the OT, cf. 2 P 1:21, probably includes some Christian writings also, 1 Tm 5:18.”

Parallel Texts are:
1.       Rm 15:4 - And indeed everything that was written long ago  previously in the scriptures was meant to teach us something about hope from the examples  scriptures gives of how people who did not give up were helped by God.
2.       1 Co 10:6 - These things all happened as warning e for us, not to have the wicked lusts for forbidden things that they had. Footnote e  says “Lit. ‘types’ (tupoi). The purpose in the events intended by God, was to prefigure in the history of Israel, the spiritual realities of the messianic age (which are known as ‘anti-types’, 1 P. 3:21, but cf. Heb. 9:24). These ‘typological’ (or less accurately, ‘allegorical’, Ga.4:24) meanings in the OT narrative though.”
3.       2 P 1:20-21 - At the same time, we must be careful that the interpretation of scriptural prophecy is never a matter for the individual (v. 20). Why? Because no prophecy ever came from man’s initiative: when men spoke for God it was the holy Spirit that moved them (v. 21)

Title “Solemn Charge.” Parallel text is 1 Tm 6:11 that says: But, as a man dedicated to God, you must avoid all that. You must aim to be saintly and religious, filled with faith and love, patient and gentle. (v. 11). Fight the good fight of the faith and win for yourself the eternal life to which you were called when you made your profession and spoke up for the truthd in front of many witnesses (v. 12). Footnote d says “When had Timothy ‘spoken up for the truth’? Perhaps at his baptism, or possibly when he was consecrated to the ministry.”

Chapter 4, verse 1 says: Before God and before Christ Jesus who is to be judge of the living and the dead, I put this duty to you, in the name of his Appearing and of his kingdom:
  
Parallel Texts are:
1.       Ac 10:42 - And he has ordered us to proclaim this to his peopleo and to tell them that God had appointed him to judge everyone, alive or dead.p Footnote o  says “I.e. the Chosen People, Israel, 10:2; 21:28”; and  Footnote p  says “Those still alive at the glorious coming and those who have died before the coming but then rise for judgment. See 1 Th 4:13-5:10. By raising up Jesus, God has solemnly invested him as supreme Judge, Ac 17:31; Jn. 5:22,27; 2 Tm 4:1; 1 P 4:5; to proclaim the resurrection is therefore to invite men to repentance, Ac. 17:30-31.”


2.       1 P 4:5 - They will have to answer for  it  in front of the judge who is ready to judge the living and the dead.
3.       1 Tm 6:14 - of doing all that you have been told, with no faults or failures, until the Appearingf of our Lord Jesus Christ… Footnote f  says “The word ‘epiphany’ (‘appearing’), used in 2 Th 2:8 with reference to the Great Rebel) is adopted in the Pastoral Letters in preference to ‘parousia’ (‘coming’, 1 Co 15:23+), or ‘apocalypse’ (‘revealing’, 1 Co 1:7+), as the technical term here; 2 Tm 4:1,8; Tt 2:13; Heb 9:28, both for the manifestation of Christ in his eschatological triumph, and also, 2 Tim 1:10; cf. Tt 2:11; 3:4, for his manifestation in the results of his action as savior.”

Verse 2 says: proclaim the message, welcome or unwelcome, insist on it. Refute falsehood, correct error, call to obedience – but do all with patience and with the intention of teaching.

Parallel Texts are:
1.       Ac 20:21 - When the disturbance was overa, Paul sent for the disciples and, after speaking words of encouragement to them, said good-bye and set out for Macedonia. Footnote a  says “The narrative is resumed from 19:22.”
2.       1 Tm 4:1 - The Spirit has explicitly said that during the last timesa there will be some  who will desert the faith and choose to listen  to deceitful spirits and doctrines that come from the devils… Footnote a  says “On the crisis that will characterize the ‘last days’ cf. 2 Th 2:3-12; 2 Tm 3:1; 4:3-4, 2 P 3:3; Jude 18. Also cf. Mt 24:6fp; Ac 20:29-30. As, eschatologically, the ‘last times’ have already begun, Rm 3:26+, we are already living in this final epoch of crisis, cf. 1 Co 7:26; Ep 5:6; 6:13; Jm 5:3; 1 Jn 2:18; 4:1,3; 2 Jn 7; Mt 26:4.”

Homily: The force of patience.
Is seems sometimes that we find the difficulties of life to be unbearable as all life on earth are generally difficult. It involves struggles and strivings. One needs the virtue, or force, of patience to withstand these difficulties.

To be patient, one needs a lot of motivation to do so. The thee readings for this 29th Sunday in Ordinary Time (Cycle C) all talk about patience: the gospel, first and second readings.

We also discussed this virtue in the homily of the “Impatient Landowner” (Sunday in Ordinary Time).

Patience is defined in Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia,  as “the state of endurance under difficult circumstances, which can mean persevering in the face of delay or provocation without acting on annoyance/anger in a negative way; or exhibiting forbearance when under strain, especially when faced with longer-term difficulties; being steadfast, and its antonyms are hastiness and impetuousness.”


James S. Spiegel in the article “The Virtue of Patience: Waiting without complaining” defines patience as "waiting without complaint." According to him, what makes patience a virtue is: “Something else must be required to make one's lack of complaint virtuous. That something is discomfort. It's because a circumstance is uncomfortable for someone that we find (one’s)refusal to complain remarkable and thus regard (one) as patient.” (From James S. Spiegel in www.christianitytoday.com).

English Club defines patience as “the ability to wait for something without getting angry or upset.” (from: https://www.englishclub.com/).

From www.answers.com, patience is defined as “to tolerate delay implying self control and forbearance.”

My life’s destiny is to be a writer. This is the lifestyle I chose, a lifestyle that is full of difficulties, hardships, poverty and simplicity, so that I could force myself to write. Of course, I would not force my lifestyle to the members of my family because their life’s destinies are different from mine. Therefore, I have to work and earn much so that my family would not suffer the kind of difficulties and sufferings that I endure for the sake of fulfilling my life’s destiny. 



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